Lewis francis



1%. 63,626. PATENTED APR 9, 1867.

, "L. FRANCIS.

MODE OF MAKING SPRING BACKS FOR BOOKS EF'Lj iklnventh @{nitrh "tetra gaunt Hire.

LEWIS FRANCIS, OF NEW Yon K, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF AND CYRUS H. LO'UTREL, OF THE SAME PLAOE.--

Letters Patent No. 63,626, dated April 9,1867.

More or MAKING SPRING BACKS ron Books.

Etta Stimuli infant in in time rate fiatcut ant mating-part ti fig: same.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

' Be it known that I, LEWIS FRANCIS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented, made, and applied to use a new and improved Mode of Making Spring Backs for Blank Books; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and correct description of the same, reference'being had to the accompanying draw- 7 ings, making part of this specification, and to the letters of'reference .marked thereon, in which-- i Figure 1 is a front view of the apparatus employed by me in carrying out my invention. Figure 2, an end view of the same.

. In the drawings like parts of the invention are pointed out by the same letters of reference.

The nature of my invention consists in certain new and useful improvements, as hereinafter described, in

the manufacture of spring backs for blank books.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe the same.

Spring hacks for blank books are at present made as follows: A piece of pasteboard of the required size s out out. It is then moistened, warmed, bent half round, and beaten in what is known asa backing-iron with a hammer made for the purpose. After it has been hammered sufiiciently it is grooved or bent along the edge to fit the book which it is to cover. This operation is accomplished by bending the back over the corner of the backing-iron by means of the hammer., The back isthen lined with paper, and is ready for use.

My improved mode of making a spring back may be thus described: I provide a stand, A, composed of end-pieces a, held together by means of the braces 11, which stand supports t-he' pipes B-,.passin g through the supports, and connected with the branch pipes b and 6. One of these pipes, b,.is intended to introduce steam into the pipes B, while the other pipe, 6 admits of its exit from the pipes B. I form my improved back byv making a half round, instead of bending the same, by pasting thin pasteboard or stout paper to form pasteboard, and then place (when desirable that the same should be done) a sheet of paper or textile material within the back thus partially formed, so that its ends shall project sufliciently beyond the back to allow them to be made fast to the covers of the book when the same is bound. By the use of this strip it will be seen that the back and the cover are connected together, great strength added to the book, and what is kn 'own as the round of the book fits evenly into the back. The back is then placed upon one of the pipes B, and is cdvered with a piece of canvas, or any suitable material, held in position by the books 0 and spring a, inserted in the canvas, as shown, and fastened tothe brace a". When the back has been secured in position upon the pipe B steam is introduced into the pipe B. The back is then rubbed down well by the rubber to cause the thicknessesof pasteboard or paper to stick well together, and the moisture of the paste is driven oil through the canvas, the steam acting as a quick dryer to cause the back to'retain its shape. The back may then be grooved by the ordinary tin folding machine. V Y

The advantages arising from my peculiar mode of making spring backs as described are that they are more durable and of greater strength than heretofore. The book when bound can be opened and closed more freely, retains its shapebetten-md enables the user to accomplish more work in the same space of time than with a book made in the usual way, as in a. book, made in r'nymanner the leaves open up more flat, and there is less curve at the point of folding. As a result of making the half round instead of bending it, the round. as it is termed, is retained by the back.-

Having thus described my invention, what'I claim as new, and desi re to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. I claim the mode, substantially as described, of making spring hacks for blank books.

2. I claim, as' a new-and useful article of manufacture, a spring back for blank books, when the same shall be constructed substantially as described.

Witnesses:

A. SIDNEY Dosmz, A. Tununn.

LEWIS FRANCIS; 

